The following text is abstracted from that referenced Qualcomm whitepaper:
CDMA2000 1X Enhancements
Major new enhancements that CDMA2000 1X is offering include:
* Increasing voice capacity from 22 TCH per sector per carrier in cdmaOne to
35 TCH per sector per carrier (current phase), increasing to 49 TCH per sector
per carrier in 2003/2004 with SMV vocoder (mode2)
* “Always On” peak packet data rate of 153 kbps (current phase), increasing to
307 kbps in 2003/2004 (1xEV-DO delivers a peak data rate of 2.4 Mbps)
* Connectivity to ANSI-41, GSM-MAP, and All-IP networks
* Various bands and bandwidths of operation in support of different operator needs: 450, 800, 900, 1700, 1800, 1900, and 2100 MHz (there are no commercial
networks in 900 and 1800 MHz band today)
* Fully backward compatible with cdmaOne systems
* Improved service multiplexing and QoS management
* Flexible channel structure in support of multiple services with various QoS and
variable transmission rates
* Today’s commercial CDMA20001X networks (phase 1) support a peak data rate of 153.6 kbps. The theoretical maximum data rate supported by the standard is 628 kbps, and it is achieved by having 2 SCH at 307 kbps while FCH supports an additional 14.4 kbps of data traffic. While some of the CDMA2000 ASICs support 307 kbps, handsets delivering this data rate have not become commercial yet. Some of today’s commercial handsets deliver 153 kbps with an average data rate of 60 to 90 kbps on 1X and 2.4 Mbps on 1xEV-DO with an average data rate of 650 to 1400 kbps.
CDMA2000 Release 0
Release 0 provides the physical layer details in depth. The key features of Release 0 are the following:
* Provides full physical layer support for all modes:
--> Multiple Carrier 1X (commercial today)
--> Multiple Carrier 3X
--> Direct Spread (later removed from CDMA2000 specs in Release A)
* For MC 1X (also known as CDMA2000 1xRTT, or simply 1X):
--> Provides higher capacity for voice services (approximately twice)
--> Provides up to 153.6 kbps peak data rate and higher capacity
(more than twice) for data services
--> Provides cleaner structure for mixed services
--> Reduces battery consumption in idle mode through use of
Quick Paging Channel
--> Includes TIA/EIA-95-B as a subset
--> Builds upon IS-95-B signaling
* Provides signaling support for new 1X dedicated channels
* Uses IS-95-A Paging Channel and Access Channel for common channel support
* Provides basic MAC support
CDMA2000 Release A
Release A primarily provides signaling support for a new set of common channels. Key features of Release A are as follows:
* Provides signaling support for MC 3X channels
* As a result of OHG agreement, DS support was removed
* Provides signaling support for new common channels:
--> Forward Common Control Channel (F-CCCH)
--> Reverse Common Control Channel (R-CCCH)
--> Reverse Enhanced Access Channel (R-EACH)
--> Forward Common Access Channel (F-CACH)
* Provides signaling support for concurrent services
* Provides flexible frame formats
* Provides a variable rate supplemental channel
* Provides RLP support for all rates
* Provides QoS negotiation
* Supports enhanced encryption algorithm
CDMA2000 Release B
Release B primarily provides the following features:
* Rescue ChannelCode Combining Soft Handoff
* Enhanced Rate Adaptation Mode
* Common Channel Packet Data
* CDMA Off-Time Reporting
* Traffic to Idle Enhancement
* Other Enhancements
CDMA2000 Release C
Release C introduces a new packet data channel (F-PDCH) in the forward link:
* F-PDCH is a high data rate channel that can be rapidly time-shared among users
* It dynamically allocates power and Walsh code resources
* Transmits for short duration of time, 1.25 to 5 ms.
* Transmits to only 1 or 2 users at time with the best channel conditions
* Provides a method for fast and efficient re-transmission
* Fast call setup and enhanced authentication
* Other Enhancements in forward and reverse links
Other Links:
June 1997: Lucent Technologies, Motorola, Nortel and Qualcomm join to develop next generation digital wireless standards (CDMA2000)
